Your Sindarin Textbook
Chapter Two, Lesson One: Beleriand

Chapter Two | Lesson One | Lesson Two | Lesson Three
Introduction
Syllabus
Part I
Chapter One
Chapter Two
Chapter Three
Chapter Four
Chapter Five
Chapter Six
Chapter Seven
Chapter Eight
Part II
Chapter One
Back to Realelvish

The Sindar use their own writing system so little that the Quenya-based system is more often used. It was developed by Fëanor for Quenya, but with a few minor modifications, it works well for Sindarin. The Sindarin word for a letter is "têw", its plural is "tîw", and the word for the alphabet is "tiwdi".

Noldorin Classification of Consonants

The Noldor classify their consonants quite similarly to the way that Linguists do. Because of that, reviewing the IPA lesson will be useful for learning these. This also means that if you can read Sindarin, you can speak it. Because this system was developed by the Noldor, the names of the letters are in Quenya. Click on the letter to see how to write it properly.

t"tinco"
Written as "t"
p"parma"
Written as "p"
c"calma"
IPA symbol /k/
Written as "c"
d"ando"
Written as "d"
b"umbar"
Written as "b"
g"anga"
Written as "g"
gw"ungwë"
Written as "gw"
th"thúlë"
IPA symbol /θ/
Written as "th"
f"formen"
IPA symbol /f/
Written as "f" and "ph"
ch"aha"
IPA symbol /x/
Written as "ch"
dh"anto"
IPA symbol /ð/
Written as "dh"
v"ampa"
IPA symbol /v/
Written as "f" at the end of a word and "v"
nn"númen"
Written as "nn"
mm"malta"
Written as "mm"
ng"ñoldo"
IPA symbol /ŋ/ or /ŋ/
Written as "ng"
n"órë"
Written as "n"
m"vala"
Written as "m"
w"wilya"
Written as "w"
The odds and ends that don't fit the pattern.
r"rómen"
Written as "r"
rh"arda"
IPA symbol /r̥/
Written as "rh"
l"lambë"
Written as "l"
lh"alda"
IPA symbol /ɬ/
Written as "lh"
s"silmë"
Written as "s"
ss"essë"
Written as "ss"
h"hyarmen"
Written as "h"
hw"hwesta sindarinwa"
IPA symbol /ʍ/
Written as "hw"
gasdil"gasdil"
A silence unique to Sindarin, for the /g/'s that are mutated into nothing.
Transcribed in the latin alphabet as an apostrophe, it is the only one with a Sindarin name.

Vowels

There are more vowels and diphthongs in Sindarin than there are in Quenya, so the Noldor borrowed a few symbols that had been consonants to make the extra vowels. Also, because Quenya doesn't have three different vowel lengths, like Sindarin does, all of the long vowels are lumped together.

Vowels a"ossë"
Written as "a"
e"yanta"
IPA symbol /ɛ/
Written as "e"
i"telco"
IPA symbol /i/ or /j/
Written as "i"
long i"ára"
IPA symbol /i/ or /j/
Written as "i"
o"anna"
Written as "o"
u"úrë"
Written as "u"
y"slimë nuquerna"
Written as "y"
Long Vowels aaá/â eeé/ê iií/î ooó/ô uuú/û yyý/ŷ
Diphthongs aiai eiei ae or ae ae oe or oe oe uiui auau/aw

Notice that I've written the A and the I with dots over them. Those dots are optional, used to make certain they don't get mistaken for parts of other letters.
The vowel lengthening symbol is called "andaith".

The "N" Modifier

It can be drawn as a tilde or a simple bar over the top of the letter. It is used for nasal+stop combinations.

ntntmpmpncnc
ndndmbmb

The "W" Modifier

It looks sorta like a Tilde, and it also goes above the symbol. Be careful to distinguish it from the N modifier. It is used for consonant+w combinations, except for HW and GW.

dwdwbwbwchwchw
thwthwphwphwdhwdhw
nwnwngwngw
rwrwlwlw

Punctuation Marks

Comma, Hyphen comma
Period period
Exclamation Point exclamation point
Question Mark question mark
End of Paragraph Mark endpara

Putting It All Together

Write from left to right. Put spaces between words. Here is an example to study for doing your homework. And yes, that is my handwriting.

example2

Homework

Write this poem in tîw, scan, and send it to me.

Tirio 'ni grist ristannen:
Mi Imladris i dorthatha;
Dal lŷth bennin morgul ogol,
Govannas athrabeditha.
mach bîn e-leber tírathar
Ar i amarth telitha,
Dagnir Ithildur echuiatha,
ar i berian ethelitha.