Introduction

Syllabus

Part I

Chapter One

Chapter Two

Chapter Three

Chapter Four

Chapter Five

Chapter Six

Chapter Seven

Chapter Eight

Part II

Chapter One

Back to Realelvish

There are four sections of sounds that we need to learn. Vowels, diphthongs, vowel-consonant combinations, and consonants.

Vowels

(A/Á/Â) Pronounce them /a/, in the back of your throat, like the A is in the word "father" Your lips should be in the shape of an oval standing on its end.

(E/É/Ê) Pronounce them /ɛ/, in the middle of your mouth. It sounds like the E of "better".

(I/Í/Î) Pronounce them /i/, in the front of your mouth, as in the word "machine". Make your lips the rough shape of a square; don't grin to make the sound. The Sindarin I also acts like the consonant Y before vowels.

(O/Ó/Ô) Pronounce them /o/ as in the word "oat", in the middle of your mouth. Make an O with your lips.

(U/Ú/Û) Pronounce them /u/ as in "brute", in the front of your mouth. Make your lips in the shape of a kiss.

(Y/Ý/Ŷ) Pronounce them /y/ like the French U, as in "lune". To make this sound, make your mouth in the shape of the Sindarin (I). Then, shape your lips the same way you shape "U" in Sindarin. Or, take the easy road out and use the Gondorian pronunciation, and say it "i" like the Sindarin "I" above.

*Accents on vowels denote extra length on the vowels. Hold the vowels longer. In music this is shown with a tennudo (-) over the note. The circumflex accent (^) is held longer than an acute accent ('). In IPA, the Sindarin circumflex accent would be shown with (ː) and the Sindarin accute accent would be shown with (ˑ). The second one there is not an apostrophe ('). Apostrophes are used to mark where the stress falls in a word.

Diphthongs

(AE) Pronounce this /aɛ/, as in the word "eye".

(AI) Pronounce this /aj/, as in the word "twine".

(AU) Pronounce this /au/, as in the word "loud".

(AW) Pronounce this /aw/, as in the word "owl".

(EI) Pronounce this /ej/, as in "ray".

(OE) Pronounce this /oɛ/, as in the word "boy".

(UI) Pronounce this /uj/, as in the word "ruin".

Consonants

(All of these only account for one letter each in Tengwar)

(I) Before a vowel at the beginning of a word, (I) is pronounced /j/ and used as a consonant, as the Y in the word "yellow". If there is an accent on the (I) you always pronounce it "i", as you do for the vowel.

(C) Pronounce it always as a /k/, as in the word "kill".

(G) Pronounce it always as a /g/, as in the word "give".

(F) When it's at the end of a word, say it as a /v/ as in the word "slave".

(L) pronounce it as a /l/, as in the word "clear". When it comes between E or I and a consonant, or at the end of a word after E or I, it is pronounced like /l̡/ in "belt" or "little".

(LH) Pronounce it /ɬ/, a voiceless L. That means, you shape your mouth the same way that you would when making the L sound, but only air will come out, and it will sound a little like an H.

(R) Pronounce it as an /r/; roll it as we sometimes do in the word "growl" If you can't roll an R, like me, make an H sound with your throat closed a little. It should make a rolled A sound. It'll be a little like gargling water.

(RH) Pronounce it /r̊/, a voiceless R. That means, you shape your mouth the same way that you would when making the rolled R sound, but only air will come out, like a trilled H.

(PH) Pronounce it /f/, as in the word "phone".

(CH) Pronounce it /x/, as in the name "Bach". Say it in the back of your mouth, it should feel a little as though you are hocking a loogy, or gargling without anything in your mouth. The Gondorians had dificulty making this sound, as aparently, it isn't found in Westron. Therefore, they simply turned (CH) into an (H), thus the word "Rohan" instead of "Rochan".

(TH) Pronounce it /θ/, like the TH in the word "nothing".

(DH) Pronounce it /ð/. If you don't know what this symbol means, make the TH sound. Your tongue should be sticking out a little, and there should be a gap between your teeth and your tongue. Close the gap to make the sound. It may tickle your tongue a little. We make this sound in the word "the" and "blithe".

(HW) Pronounce it /ʍ/, as in the word "white". It's a really airy W.

(NG) Pronounce it /ŋ/, as in the word "sing".

The rest of the letters are pronounced as we pronounce them in English.

Vowel-Consonant Combinations

The only reason these are listed are because Tolkien wanted to make sure we didn't English-ize the vowel+R. Remember that the R is still rolled.

(ER) Pronounce it /ɛr/, as in the word "fair".

(IR) Pronounce it /ir/, as in the word "ear".

(UR) Pronounce it /ur/, as in the word "tour".

Homework

DOC

PDF

RTF

To do the homework, right click and select "save as" to save the file to your computer. Complete the homework and e-mail it to me. The e-mail address is in the RTF.